IS RED WINE GOOD FOR YOU? THE BENEFITS AND LIMITS

If you made it through January without a drop of wine, well done. But if you enjoyed a glass or two, there may be good news. A recent study from Spain suggests that drinking up to five small glasses of red wine a week could lower the risk of heart disease by 50 per cent compared to those who drink little or none.

However, experts caution against seeing red wine as a health drink. Professor Tim Spector, an epidemiologist at Zoe, explains that while alcohol is linked to high blood pressure, strokes, and some cancers, moderate red wine consumption may offer some heart and gut health benefits.

Moderate red wine intake has been linked to raising good hdl cholesterol, preventing artery damage, and improving blood vessel function. Its polyphenols, including resveratrol and quercetin, are thought to support heart health. A study from the university of Barcelona found that those who drank up to one bottle of wine per week had a significantly lower risk of heart disease. However, not all studies agree, and experts warn that alcohol should never be consumed purely for health reasons.

Modest red wine consumption may also support gut health. Research by Professor Spector found that people who drank red wine had a more diverse gut microbiome compared to those who drank white wine, beer, or spirits. this may be due to polyphenols, which feed good gut bacteria.

When it comes to blood sugar, research suggests that having wine with meals may help regulate glucose levels. A study from Tulane University found that women who drank up to one glass of wine with meals daily, and men who drank up to two, had a lower risk of type 2 diabetes. This effect was not seen with other alcoholic drinks.

Red wine is made from fermented grapes, with the skins left on, making it rich in polyphenols such as anthocyanins, resveratrol, and gallic acid. These compounds are also found in berries, tea, and apples, and have been linked to benefits for heart health, blood sugar, and even cognitive function.

Red wine contains more polyphenols than white wine, as grape skins are removed during white wine production. Rosé has slightly more than white, but far less than red.

Experts agree that no amount of alcohol is completely risk-free. UK guidelines recommend no more than 14 units a week, equal to six medium glasses of wine. Professor Spector suggests that for those who already drink alcohol, switching to red wine in moderation may be a better choice, but non-drinkers should not start just for potential health benefits.

In short, red wine may offer some benefits when consumed in moderation, but it is not a health drink. The key is balance, and those looking for polyphenols can find them in many other foods without the risks associated with alcohol.